DeFi

Hedera (HBAR) serves as the native token for the Hedera network, with its tokenomics underpinning network operations, node incentives, and ecosystem growth. As an integral part of this enterprise-grade distributed ledger platform, HBAR is essential for transaction fee payments, network security, and developer rewards. As blockchain infrastructure evolves, HBAR is increasingly utilized for asset tokenization, enterprise applications, and building the Web3 ecosystem.

DeFi has suffered losses exceeding $600 million in the past three weeks, as the Kelp DAO incident set off a liquidity chain reaction, driving TVL down to its lowest point in a year. This article breaks down risk transmission, structural challenges, and the broader impact on the industry.

USDC maintains its peg to the US dollar through a 1:1 reserve backing model. When users deposit USD, Circle issues an equivalent amount of USDC on-chain; when users redeem USD, the corresponding USDC is burned. This mint-and-burn mechanism ensures that the circulating supply always matches the underlying reserves, making USDC a key stable asset in crypto trading, DeFi lending, and on-chain payments.

USDC is a US dollar stablecoin issued by Circle, backed by 1:1 dollar reserves to maintain price stability. It is widely used in cryptocurrency trading, DeFi lending, cross-border payments, and on-chain dollar settlement. As one of the most important compliant stablecoins on the market, USDC offers high transparency, strong liquidity, and multi-chain support. However, it also faces risks such as depegging, regulatory uncertainty, and reserve-related concerns. As on-chain finance continues to evolve, USDC is steadily becoming a key piece of dollar infrastructure in the Web3 ecosystem.

Pendle and Notional are two major protocols in the DeFi fixed income sector, each built on distinct yield mechanisms. Pendle introduces a yield tokenization model using PT and YT, allowing users to access fixed returns or trade future yield. Notional, by contrast, enables users to lock in borrowing and lending rates through fixed-rate markets. In comparison, Pendle is better suited for yield asset management and interest rate trading, while Notional focuses on fixed-rate lending scenarios. Together, they are advancing the development of DeFi fixed income, though they differ in product structure, liquidity design, and target users.

Pendle splits yield-bearing assets into PT (Principal Tokens) and YT (Yield Tokens), enabling a variety of strategies such as fixed income, yield enhancement, and risk management. Users can lock in fixed returns by purchasing discounted PT, speculate on rising yields by buying YT, or secure current returns by selling YT. Through these mechanisms, Pendle creates a flexible on-chain yield marketplace where users can tailor strategies based on their risk preferences and manage returns more efficiently within DeFi.

Pendle delivers fixed yield by splitting yield bearing assets into Principal Tokens, PT, and Yield Tokens, YT. Users can buy PT at a discount and redeem it at face value on maturity, locking in a fixed rate of return. At the same time, YT represents the right to future yield and can be traded separately. Through this yield splitting mechanism, Pendle creates an onchain interest rate market that makes fixed income, yield speculation, and interest rate risk management possible in DeFi, making it a key piece of infrastructure in DeFi’s fixed income sector.

Pendle’s PT and YT are the two core yield tokens within the Pendle protocol. PT, or Principal Token, represents the principal portion of a yield bearing asset and usually trades at a discount before being redeemed at face value upon maturity. YT, or Yield Token, represents the right to the asset’s future yield and can be used to trade expectations around future returns. By splitting yield bearing assets into PT and YT, Pendle creates a yield trading market in DeFi, allowing users to lock in fixed returns, speculate on yield changes, and manage yield risk.

Pendle (PENDLE) is a DeFi protocol focused on yield tokenization. By splitting yield-generating assets into Principal Tokens (PT) and Yield Tokens (YT), it enables users to trade principal and future yield separately. Through this mechanism, Pendle introduces fixed income opportunities, yield speculation, and interest rate risk management tools to DeFi. Its purpose-built time-decay AMM further establishes an on-chain interest rate market, positioning Pendle as key infrastructure in the DeFi fixed income space.

In April 2026, the KelpDAO Bridge was attacked, with the attacker using abnormally minted rsETH as collateral on Aave to borrow a significant amount of WETH. This led to roughly $200 million in bad debt discussions and liquidity stress. This article provides an objective review of the event sequence and structural takeaways from the perspectives of mechanism, marketplace response, and governance framework.

Since 2026, DeFi security incidents have demonstrated concurrent patterns involving protocol vulnerabilities, front-end hijacking, and approval phishing. Drawing on this year's notable security cases, this article provides a systematic overview of Wallet layering, approval management, signature verification, and emergency response procedures, enabling regular users to build a practical and reusable on-chain security risk control system.

Superform is a DeFi neobank infrastructure designed for multi-chain asset management. By combining smart accounts with a vault system, it integrates complex cross-chain yield strategies into a single, unified user experience. Users no longer need to switch between multiple blockchains and protocols. Instead, they can manage assets and earn yield across chains through one interface, lowering the barrier to entry and improving efficiency.

Superform is a multi-chain DeFi yield infrastructure and neobank platform that delivers a unified experience for asset management and yield generation. By combining smart accounts, the SuperVaults system, and cross-chain execution, it allows users to manage assets and access yield opportunities across multiple blockchains from a single interface. This significantly lowers the barrier to entry for DeFi while improving efficiency.

Superform is a multi-chain yield management and DeFi banking infrastructure designed to offer a digital banking-like asset management experience through a unified account and vault system. Users can manage assets across multiple blockchains and participate in various DeFi yield strategies without manually executing complex operations. This design lowers the barrier to using DeFi while improving asset management efficiency.

CoW Swap has suspended its services following a DNS hijacking incident targeting its frontend website. While the core protocol remains unaffected, this event underscores the persistent security risks facing DeFi frontends. In this article, we will examine the attack mechanism, the scope of its impact, and recommended preventive strategies.