Vitalik Buterin posted an article outlining Ethereum's scalability plan, covering short-term Gas optimization and long-term phased deployment of ZK-EVM

Odaily Planet Daily reports that Vitalik Buterin posted on X stating that Ethereum scaling is divided into short-term and long-term phases. In the short term, the Glamsterdam upgrade will introduce block-level access lists for parallel validation, ePBS will allow larger slot utilization for block validation, and gas re-pricing will ensure operation costs align with actual execution time. The multi-dimensional gas mechanism will be implemented in stages, starting with separating the “state creation” cost from the “execution and calldata” cost in Glamsterdam, with state creation gas not counting toward the approximately 16 million transaction gas limit. At the EVM layer, a “reservoir” dimension mechanism will be introduced, prioritizing the consumption of dedicated dimension gas by default, drawing from the reservoir when insufficient, and later transitioning to multi-dimensional pricing, where different dimensions can have varying floating gas prices.

Long-term scaling includes ZK-EVM and blob components. For blob, ongoing iterations of PeerDAS are planned, aiming for about 8MB of data processing per second, with future Ethereum block data directly entering the blob. For ZK-EVM, development will proceed in phases: by 2026, there will be validator clients supporting ZK-EVM, enabling about 5% of the network to rely on it; by 2027, this will expand to a larger minority of nodes, along with formal verification efforts; once conditions are met, a five-out-of-three proof mechanism will be adopted, ultimately continuously enhancing the security and formal verification level of ZK-EVM, including work on RISC-V and other VM modifications.